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Runic inscription N-32395 from Trondheim (Norway)

Runic inscription N-32395. Courtesy of Åge Hojem, University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim.

Most Scandinavian Viking-Age/early medieval runic inscriptions can be read either in Scandinavian or, less commonly, in Latin, but a few inscriptions, seemingly composed in an unencrypted natural language, cannot be given a Scandinavian or Latin interpretation. Nor have provisional checks succeeded in linking these inscriptions to a range of languages in northern, western, and eastern Europe (Fennic, Samic, West Germanic, Romance, Celtic, Slavic, Baltic). (more…)