Basque ethnography at a glance
Group of hunters. Felipe Manterola Collection. Labayru Fundazioa Photographic Archive.
The Urdaibai estuary, formerly known as the Mundaka or Gernika estuary, is a natural reserve at the mouth of the river Oka, which originates in the neighbourhood of Zugastieta in the municipality of Muxika in Bizkaia, where several springs converge. It was named after the now ruined tower of Urdaibai (urde ‘pig’ and ibai ‘river’) back in the 1970s. (more…)
St John of Gaztelugatxe. Bermeo (Bizkaia), 1994. José Ignacio García Muñoz. Labayru Fundazioa Photographic Archive.
This maritime sanctuary dedicated to the martyrdom of Saint John the Baptist has over the centuries been one of the most important pilgrimage destinations on the coast of Bizkaia. Pilgrims flocked here to pray, make a wish, promise, express their gratitude…, but also in search of unparalleled aesthetic and landscape experiences. The chapel and an old hermit’s house stand on the island, connected to mainland by a two-arched bridge. 232 stone steps along a narrow path lead to the hermitage, although tradition has it that there once were as many as there are days in a year. The quite inaccessible islet of Aketxe lies close. (more…)
Frame of the 1983 screen adaptation.
Many years ago, in a trade union meeting of rural women from several regions of the Cantabrian coast, we learned from a group of Mapuche Indians about their work in the fields, and they so happened to mention, among others, their valuable role as carers. Cultural differences between our guests and us became evident: the Mapuche women could not understand why our young children spend much of the day in nurseries, and why our elderly end their lives in geriatric homes. Someone attempted to shed some light on the growing complexities of modern European society, where in order to maintain a certain standard of living both partners in a household need to work outside the home, being thus left with little time for caregiving (apart from other obvious considerations, such as the right to employment). (more…)
Grazing flock of sheep and lambs. Akaitze Kamiruaga. Labayru Fundazioa Photographic Archive.
The provision of in-kind aid to neighbours was commonly known as lorra in some Basque-speaking communities. It more properly concerned situations where a family in need, for whatever reason, was helped by neighbours, providing them with material support. The terms totoa and totoarena have likewise been found to designate the same concept.
If a shepherd lost his entire flock to disease, he would ask each of his fellow shepherds for a young sheep, which they would immediately present him with. In the surroundings of Oiz Mountain the provision of sheep was known as bildots-lorra, bildots being Basque for ‘yearling sheep’. The custom was also observed in other regions, although not given a particular name. (more…)
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